Boris Johnson laid down the law to Emmanuel Macron, Jean-Claude Juncker and Angela Merkel in the last 24 hours as he warned the trio there will be no new Brexit talks until the EU agrees to ditch the backstop.
The new PM made clear his position to the French President in a tense late-night phone call and did the same with the president of the European Commission and German Chancellor.
Meanwhile, Dublin voiced alarm over the premier's ramped up rhetoric, saying Mr Johnson had put the UK on a 'collision course' with the EU.
Brussels has dismissed Mr Johnson's backstop demands as 'unacceptable', while French ministers accused the premier of 'posturing'.
Irish deputy PM Simon Coveney warned Mr Johnson's hard line was a 'very bad day' for the prospects of a deal, suggesting everything now depended on whether the UK would back down.
The bruising exchanges set the stage for a series of showdowns as Mr Johnson embarks on what is expected to be a tour of key European capitals this summer.
There are signs that EU states are starting to contemplate the possibility that the UK will not bow to pressure from the bloc - raising the danger of a bitter economic and security standoff lasting years.
Diplomats are reportedly scrambling to create a 'bridge' between the two sides that could allow trade talks to continue, after the new PM made clear the Irish border backstop must be scrapped altogether.
The Brexit row erupted as Mr Johnson fueled speculation he is plotting a snap election as he went to Birmingham with Home Secretary Priti Patel to promote his pledge to boost the number of police officers by 20,000.
Boris Johnson, pictured in Birmigham this afternoon with Priti Patel, has spooked the EU with his hardline Brexit demands
Mr Johnson, who visited Birmingham to promote his plan to boost police numbers, has told Brussels he will only start new talks if the EU agrees to reopen the Withdrawal Agreement
Mr Johnson told the French premier (left) that 'he wants to do a deal and he will be energetic in trying to seek that deal'. Mr Johnson also laid down the law to Jean-Claude Juncker and Angela Merkel (right) in the last 24 hours
A Downing Street spokesman said Mr Macron, who has boasted that he will be the 'bad guy' over Brexit, had called to congratulate Mr Johnson, but the conversation moved on to the split from the EU.
Mr Johnson told the French premier that 'he wants to do a deal and he will be energetic in trying to seek that deal'.
But he warned that the 'Withdrawal Agreement has been rejected three times by the House of Commons'.
'It is not going to pass so that means reopening the Withdrawal Agreement and securing the abolition of the backstop,' the spokesman said.
Asked whether there was any date for talks to start, the spokesman added: 'We are ready to begin talking but are clear what the basis for those discussions need to be.'
The Elysee Palace said Mr Macron had invited Mr Johnson to visit France in the coming weeks.
On the call with Mrs Merkel, the No10 spokesman said Mr Johnson had promised to be 'energetic in reaching out as much as possible to try to achieve a deal'.
But the spokesman added: 'He reiterated the message he delivered in the House of Commons yesterday: Parliament has rejected the Withdrawal Agreement three times and so the UK must fully prepare for the alternative – which is to leave without a deal on October 31.
'He said the only solution that would allow us to make progress on a deal is to abolish the backstop. The PM and Chancellor agreed to stay in contact.'
Mr Coveney told reporters the stance from Mr Johnson was 'very unhelpful'.
'The statements of the British prime minister yesterday in the House of Commons were very unhelpful to this process,' he said.
'He seems to have made a deliberate decision to set Britain on a collision course with the European Union and with Ireland in relation to the Brexit negotiations, and I think only he can answer the question as to why he is doing that.'
The French minister for Europe, Amelie de Montchalin, swiped that the new MP should avoid 'posturing'.
'From our side, we need to be responsible,' she told France 2 television. 'That means being clear, predictable and it means on the other side that we need to create a working relationship, that there aren't games, posturing, provocations.'
Mr Johnson went on the attack yesterday in his first Commons statement since entering Downing Street.
He was cheered by Tory MPs as he urged the EU to 'rethink' its refusal to make more concessions in talks - threatening to withhold the £39billion divorce bill unless the UK gets a better deal.
Insisting tweaks to the Irish backstop were 'not enough', Mr Johnson said the UK was 'better prepared' than many thought for No Deal.
The remarks drew a sharp response from EU chief negotiator Michel Barnier and Jean-Claude Juncker.
A call between the EU commission president and Mr Johnson last night ended with no signs of breaking the deadlock - although they did exchange mobile numbers.
In a memo circulated to diplomats in Brussels, Mr Barnier said the demand to abolish the backstop was 'unacceptable' and breached the EU's negotiating mandate.
'As suggested by his rather combative speech, we have to be ready for a situation where he gives priority to the planning for no-deal, partly to heap pressure on the unity of the EU27,' he said.
'In any case, what remains essential on our side is to remain calm, stick to our principles and guidelines and show solidarity and unity of the 27.'
According to The Times, German Chancellor Angela Merkel has told friends she believes No Deal could create an Iron Curtain-style divide between the EU and UK.
There are concerns that the blame game could escalate quickly if the UK refuses to pay the divorce bill.
France has previously been adamant that economic chaos from crashing out would force the UK back to the table within weeks, but this is starting to be questioned after Mr Johnson's bullish start to his premiership.
Diplomats are anxious that Donald Trump would wade in on the UK's side, potentially leading to a protectionist trade war spiralling out of control.
One ambassador said: 'There is no shortage of acrimony.
'I don't think there will be any circumstances under which there will be anything other than a Brexit Cold War.'
Another EU diplomat suggested they had to find a way of avoiding the two sides stopping trade talks altogether.
'We need a bridge. We need to avoid both sides hunkering down in their bunkers,' they said.
Meanwhile, speculation is mounting that Mr Johnson is considering a snap election, perhaps even before the Brexit deadline of October 31.
The new PM is heading for the Midlands today to promote his pledge to hire 20,000 extra police officers.
However, Tory tensions have been on show after Brexiteer 'spartan' Steve Baker turned down an offer to become a minister.
Mr Baker, a senior figure in the European Research Group (ERG) of Tories, said he did not want a repeat of the 'powerlessness' he felt in the Brexit department under Theresa May, with all the real work being done by the Cabinet Office.
He insisted he had 'total confidence' in the Prime Minister to deliver on his commitment to meet the October 31 Brexit deadline, but in a sign that hardliners will force him to keep the pledge Mr Baker said: 'Disaster awaits otherwise.'
Some Eurosceptics blame Mr Johnson's maverick new adviser, former Vote Leave chief Dominic Cummings for the friction. Mr Cummings previously branded the ERG a 'tumour' that was preventing progress with getting out of the EU.
ERG vice-chairman MP Mark Francois said last night it would oppose any attempt by Mr Johnson to bring back the deal thrashed out with Brussels, even if he succeeded in removing the Irish backstop - the most contentious element of the divorce deal.
He told the BBC's Newsnight: 'If there were any attempt to revive the Withdrawal Agreement, even without the backstop, the ERG would vote against it.'
Mr Francois said he believed Brussels would 'blink' and agree to talks on a free trade deal instead.
Challenged that Brussels was currently dismissing demands to give ground, Mr Francois said: 'Herr Juncker in the bunker would say that...
'The EU for three years has been rolling us over because we never really argued back.'
Irish deputy PM Simon Coveney warned Mr Johnson's hard line was a 'very bad day' for the prospects of a deal. Separately, Tory tensions have been on show after Brexiteer 'spartan' Steve Baker turned down a ministerial job
Despite Mr Baker's refusal to join his government, Mr Johnson filled a series of ministerial jobs outside the Cabinet, rewarding allies and removing MPs who would not sign up to his commitment to leave the EU on October 31 with or without a deal.
And in an effort to show he is acting on his Tory leadership campaign pledges, Mr Johnson announced that a drive to recruit extra police officers would begin in September.
The Prime Minister wants the process completed over the next three years.
'As I said on the steps of Downing Street this week, my job as Prime Minister is to make our streets safer,' Mr Johnson said.
'People want to see more officers in their neighbourhoods, protecting the public and cutting crime.
'I promised 20,000 extra officers and that recruitment will now start in earnest.'
He also set out plans to urgently review pilot schemes which make it easier for forces in England and Wales to carry out stop-and-search operations.
Mr Johnson and Home Secretary Priti Patel have also set out plans for a new national policing board.
The panel will be chaired by the Home Secretary and bring together key police leaders, holding them to account for meeting the 20,000 officers target and working on a national response to other issues.
Ms Patel said: 'Officers up and down the country put themselves in danger every day to keep us safe, they deserve our support.
'The rise we've seen in serious violence is deeply worrying. An additional 20,000 officers sends a clear message that we are committed to giving police the resources they need to tackle the scourge of crime.
'This is the start of a new relationship between the Government and the police working even more closely together to protect the public.'
But shadow police minister Louise Haigh said: 'When it comes to policing, Boris Johnson simply cannot be trusted. He served in a government which promised to protect the police, then voted for brutal real-terms cuts.'
Who is who in Boris Johnson's new-look Brexit Cabinet
Sajid Javid outside the Treasury today
Sajid Javid: Chancellor of the Exchequer
Sajid Javid's 18-year banking career that saw him rise to be a £3m-a-year board member at Deutsche Bank will stand him in good stead as he takes the reins of the UK economy.
The Remainer, who backed a hard Brexit during the Tory leadership campaign, is the son of a Pakistani immigrant bus driver who arrived in the UK in 1961 with just £1 in his pocket.
Javid, 49, was raised on Stapleton Road in Bristol, which was once dubbed 'Britain's worst street' and described as a 'lawless hellhole where murder, rape, shootings, drug-pushing, prostitution, knifings and violent robbery are commonplace'.
After attending state school and Exeter University he went on to become an investment banker for nearly two decades.
He has spoken about having mixed-race children with wife Laura and the racism he faced as a child, before politics and also when he joined the Conservative Party.
Mr Javid ran against Mr Johnson in the Tory leadership campaign, eventually finishing fourth. He is the most senior Remain voter in the Government.
After becoming Home Secretary last year, he made a push for No. 10 on the back of Theresa May's resignation. But after being knocked out of the leadership race, he moved swiftly to back Mr Johnson and was widely tipped as the top choice to move to number 11.
Priti Patel in Downing Street today
Priti Patel: Home Secretary
The Essex MP - who was once an outspoken proponent of the death penalty - has made a remarkable return to the Cabinet after being sacked by Theresa May for lying.
The mother-of-one is back two years after being forced to resign over secret meetings with Israeli officials, including prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
The 47-year-old Brexiteer became infamous in 2011 when she called for hanging to be reintroduced during her first appearance on Question Time, calling capital punishment a 'deterrent'.
Mrs Patel's Ugandan-Indian family arrived penniless in Britain in 1972.
They were forced to abandon a fortune in tea and coffee plantations as they fled the military dictator Idi Amin.
Her father, Sushil - which is also her middle name - ditched plans to go to university and opened a corner shop in Tottenham, North London, with his wife Anjana and his parents.
Mrs Patel, who has been married to marketing consultant Alex Sawyer since 2004, lived above the shop and worked most mornings behind the counter before school.
She was educated at a comprehensive school in Watford, joined the Tory party at 17 and studied economics at Keele University.
A former PR and policy adviser for drinks multinational Diageo she went on to work for the Conservative Party before being picked for her very safe seat in 2010.
After a spell working for the Conservative Party under former leader William Hague, the MP for Witham became a lobbyist for cigarette companies.
Mrs Patel was humiliatingly forced to resign from the PM's top team in November 2017 after the secret meetings with Israeli officials emerged.
Dominic Raab, a karate black belt, is married without any children to Erika (together), a Brazilian-born marketing executive
Dominic Raab: Foreign Secretary and First Secretary of State
The MP for Esher and Walton worked as an in-house lawyer for the Foreign Office in 2000 has now returned as head of the department.
The former grammar school boy, born to a Czech Jewish father who fled the Nazis in 1938 to Britain as a refugee before the Second World War, helped bring war criminals to justice in The Hague during his first stint in the Foreign Office.
Mr Raab is a karate black belt and former boxing blue at Oxford University in 1995. The 45-year-old is married without any children to Erika, a Brazilian-born marketing executive who was wheeled out for photoshoots in his leadership campaign.
During the campaign he described how his father Peter fled the Nazis and came to Britain aged six as he accused Jeremy Corbyn and John McDonnell of not standing up for 'free and tolerant democracy' that welcomed his dad.
His father learned English, worked for M&S as a food manager and met his mother Jean, who was from Bromley, Kent. He died when Dominic was 12 after losing his battle with cancer.
It's a major promotion for Mr Raab, who has just four months experience in the Cabinet after a stint as Brexit Secretary last year.
He stood in the Tory leadership race on a hardcore Brexiteer ticket even harder than Mr Johnson. But after being knocked out he quickly backed his former rival and supported him in his campaign.
Mr Raab is in favour of a No Deal Brexit and replaces Jeremy Hunt. He will step into immediate fire with an ongoing diplomatic spat with Iran.
Michael Gove in Downing Street today
Michael Gove: Cabinet Office Minister
Seasoned minister Michael Gove who blazed a trail as a reformer in departments across Whitehall has been handed a role at the heart of government.
The adopted son of Aberdeen fishworkers already has four Cabinet jobs under his belt - heading education, justice and environment departments as well as a stint as chief whip.
While in charge of the nation's schools under David Cameron, the Brexiteer pushed through a series of controversial reforms to the curriculum and axed the Building Schools for the Future programme.
But he was criticised most for introducing Free Schools – state funded schools which are exempt from teaching the National Curriculum.
Critics claim the schools take money and pupils from existing schools, increase segregation and division and lead to the break-up of the state school system.
As Environment Secretary he championed a war on plastic - introducing charges for plastic bags and doing away with single-use straws and cups.
He was a firm backer of Theresa May's Brexit deal to the last, which damaged him in the eyes of the more purist Brexiteer elements.
Mr Gove had a tilt at the Tory leadership but came undone when revelations about his past drug use were revealed.
He admitted using cocaine when he was younger after it came to light in an unauthorised biography.
Mr Gove, 51, is a former Times journalist, 51, who has two children with newspaper columnist Sarah Vine. Mr Gove indicated that his drive to be prime minister is fuelled by a desire to show his parents they were right to take the 'risk' of adopting him.
Mr Wallace in Downing Street today
Ben Wallace: Defence Secretary
The former military hero who served in the Scots Guard and was mentioned in dispatches in 1992 has been named Defence Secretary.
The 51-year-old attended Sandhurst military academy after a short stint as a ski instructor and served for eight years in Northern Ireland.
The Remainer rose to the rank of captain and was mentioned in dispatches in 1992 after an incident involving a terrorist cell.
Mr Wallace - who also served in Cyprus, Germany and Central America - has been married to Liza since 2001 and they have three children.
He makes the step up to the Cabinet after spending three years as security minister - during which the country has battled a spate of major terror attacks.
His first call to action in his new role will be bringing about the return of the British ship seized by Iranian forces last week.
Mr Johnson has suggested he wants to boost defence spending and build more naval ships to protect UK-flagged vessels in the Gulf.
Gavin Williamson was sacked as defence secretary in May after leaking secret details of a meeting about Huawei
Gavin Williamson: Education Secretary
The state-educated South Staffordshire MP, who studied social sciences at the University of Bradford, has made an astonishing return to the Cabinet.
The former Defence Secretary was sacked just three months ago for leaking secrets from a National Security Council meeting.
But he was given the job of overseeing the nation's schools as a 'thank you' from Boris for helping to mastermind his leadership campaign.
Mr Williamson has been dubbed the Cabinet's Private Pike, after the hapless Dad's Army character, for a series of gaffes while in the Cabinet.
His appointment comes just months after it appeared his political career seemed over when he narrowly escaped prosecution under the Official Secrets Act for the leak.
While Defence Secretary in 2018, the father-of-two confessed to a fling that at one time threatened to end his marriage with wife Joanne.
Not long after being promoted from Tory chief whip he admitted to a brief office romance with a former colleague. He said it was 'a dreadful mistake' but Joanne had forgiven him.
Mr Williamson, 43, who was made Defence Secretary following the resignation of Sir Michael Fallon over sexual harassment claims, insisted the relationship had not gone beyond kissing 'a couple of times'.
It occurred before he embarked on a career in politics but he is understood to have revealed details to party officials when he first ran for selection as an MP more than a decade ago.
Mat Hancock remains as Health Secretaty
Matt Hancock: Health and Social Care Secretary
Matt Hancock stays in one of the hardest job in government despite aiming volleys of criticism at Mr Johnson while running against him for the leadership.
He told an interviewer 'f*ck f*ck Business' after the new Prime Minister's much criticised reaction to firms' No Deal Brexit fears.
But the married father of three, 40, did a superb reverse ferret to become one of Mr Johnson's chief cheerleaders.
This included reportedly trying to block the release of a paper he commissioned which recommended taxes on milkshakes because it ran contrary to his new boss's opposition to 'sin taxes'.
He also poked fun at himself during the campaign after being caught on camera wolfing down a high-sugar stroopwafel ahead of an early-morning TV interview.
Last year he was accused of breaking ethics rules after he praised a private health firm app in a newspaper article sponsored by its maker.
But he has since made some hard-hitting interventions in areas like the impact of social media on health.
In May he joined Ms Mordaunt in backing the Generation Why? report showing that the Tories needed to become more relevant to younger voters.
He called on the party to change its 'tone' towards modern Britain or face Jeremy Corbyn as prime minister, in a speech widely seen as setting out his leadership credentials.
Jo Johnson entering No 10 last night where he was made Universities Minister
Jo Johnson: Universities Minister
Mr Johnson's acceptance of a ministerial post appears to mark an abrupt volte-face from November, when he shared a platform at a Remainer rally with television presenter and ex-footballer Gary Lineker.
The Orpington MP, 47, in the younger brother of the Prime Minister and also an Old Etonian. He is married to the Guardian journalist Amelia Gentleman.
His appointment to Universities Minister means he will attend the hardline Brexiteer-dominated administration formed in a bloodbath of the ministries throughout the course of Wednesday.
The role comes under the jurisdiction of two departments, Education and Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. Both of them are now led by hardline Leavers in Andrea Leadsom and Gavin Williamson.
He quit as a transport minister in November saying that Theresa May's Brexit deal was a massive failure in British statecraft on the scale of the Suez Crisis in 1956.
Talking about the original 2016 EU referendum at the November People's Vote rally in London Mr Johnson said: 'I think it's fair to say that back then we didn't really know what it would entail, the ramifications of leaving the European Union.
'It's becoming clear that there are very few positives. It's almost unanimous that people think it will have some sort of debilitating effect on our economy, at the very least. I think it's very rare in life that you get to use the benefit of hindsight.'
But he was quick to fall in behind his brother when he announced his run for the leadership of the Conservative Party.
He accompanied Boris to a garden centre during a visit to his suburban London constituency and was present along with the rest of the Johnson clan when he was made leader on Tuesday.
Alok Sharma in Downing Street today as he attended his first Cabinet meeting
Alok Sharma: International Development Secretary
An ardent and long-time supporter of Boris Johnson, Alok Sharma was widely tipped before the reshuffle to finally make it to the Cabinet.
He was frequently sent out to bat for Mr Johnson during the Tory leadership campaign and his hard work was rewarded as he was last night made Rory Stewart's successor at the Department for International Development.
It will be a big step up for Mr Sharma who only started his ministerial career in July 2016 in the wake of the EU referendum having first become an MP way back in 2010 when he won the seat of Reading West from the Labour Party.
He had a relatively low profile in Theresa May's government but did hit the headlines when he was housing minister in the wake of the Grenfell Tower fire.
Residents affected by the fire confronted Mr Sharma in June 2017 as they demanded to know why more had not been done by the government to help rehouse people who had been made homeless by the tragic blaze.
His promotion to the Cabinet will surprise many given his support for numerous big policies which his new boss is known to be cool on.
For example, Mr Sharma is a big backer of the High Speed 2 railway line and Heathrow expansion.
Mr Johnson is believed to be considering scrapping the former while his opposition to the latter is well known.
Mr Sharma also voted to Remain at the 2016 referendum but his loyalty to Mr Johnson was apparently enough to overcome policy differences and opposite votes on Brexit to get him into the Cabinet.
The 51-year-old was a chartered accountant and then a banker before he entered parliament, representing the area where he grew up.
He was born in India but moved to Reading with his parents at the age of five. He is married and has two daughters.
Grant Shapps succeeds Chris Grayling as Transport Secretary
Grant Shapps: Transport Secretary
A key part of Boris Johnson's Tory leadership campaign team, Grant Shapps was tasked with keeping track of how many MPs the front runner could rely on during the early parliamentary ballots.
He performed his duties with aplomb as each of the results from the ballots corresponded almost exactly with what he said his boss would get.
He has been rewarded with a return to the political frontline after a four year absence.
His appointment as Chris Grayling's replacement at the Department for Transport proved to be one of Mr Johnson's more controversial moves given his chequered history with the Tories.
He posed problems for David Cameron with a series of scandals leading up to his resignation as a minister in November 2015.
After 10 years of soaring through the Tory ranks, his rapid rise stalled at the height of the 2015 general election campaign when he was accused of anonymously editing his own entry and those of other Conservative politicians on internet encyclopaedia Wikipedia.
The disclosure that Mr Shapps, or someone acting on his behalf, was suspected of engaging in 'sock puppetry' - creating a fake online identity for improper purposes - proved highly embarrassing to the Tories.
At the time, then prime minister Mr Cameron stood by him, insisting he was doing a 'great job', while Mr Shapps strenuously denied the allegations and dismissed them as 'bonkers'.
An investigation by Wikipedia found there was no definitive evidence linking the account used to alter the entries with Mr Shapps, and the encyclopaedia administrator who blocked the account and revealed the allegations to the media was severely criticised in an internal inquiry.
But following the 2015 election, Mr Shapps was removed from the post of party chairman and made a minister at the Department for International Development - a move widely seen as a demotion.
He was forced to resign from the post after just six months when it emerged that he had been warned about bullying among young party activists almost a year before 21-year-old Elliott Johnson took his own life.
Mr Shapps denied being informed about any allegations of bullying, sexual abuse or blackmail, but quit his post saying that 'responsibility should rest somewhere'.
Just months before the Wikipedia scandal, Mr Shapps was accused of having breached the codes of conduct for ministers and MPs when it was revealed he held a second job after entering parliament.
Mr Shapps was exposed as having continued working as a marketer of get-rich-quick schemes under the pseudonym Michael Green.
Robert Buckland takes over from David Gauke as Justice Secretary
Robert Buckland: Justice Secretary
David Gauke's successor at the Ministry of Justice was given a massive promotion by Boris Johnson.
A man with a relatively low profile in Westminster, Robert Buckland had been serving as prisons minister before being bumped up to Justice Secretary and Lord Chancellor in the new PM's reshuffle.
His ministerial career has been dominated by crime and punishment roles with his first job being solicitor general but he has a reputation in the Westminster tea rooms as a happy and cordiale politician.
His status as a QC, former prisons minister and former solicitor general means he is uniquely qualified to perform his new job - previous appointments as Lord Chancellor have raised eyebrows because they did not have a legal background.
As a result the criminal justice world is likely to welcome his appointment.
The 50-year-old MP for South Swindon overtakes Wales Secretary Alun Cairns as the most senior Welshman in government.
He has long been tipped for a big job in government but many believed his no-frills approach may have cost him promotions to more outspoken Tory colleagues in the past.
Stephen Barclay kept his role as Brexit Secretary
Stephen Barclay: Brexit Secretary
One of only a handful of Theresa May's old team to keep their seat at the top table, Stephen Barclay remains Britain's point man in talks with the European Union.
His status as an ardent Brexiteer will likely have done him massive favours when it came to Mr Johnson deciding who should negotiate with Michel Barnier, the EU's chief Brexit negotiator, in the run up to October 31.
Mr Barclay was ridiculed when he first became Brexit Secretary in November 2018 after the resignations of David Davis and Dominic Raab from the role, mainly because very few people actually knew he was.
However, he has grown in confidence in the job in recent months and has been a vocal advocate for keeping the option of a No Deal split on the table.
He recently hit the headlines after he laughed in public at claims from Philip Hammond, the now ex-chancellor, that a No Deal Brexit would cost the Treasury almost £90 billion in lost revenues.
Many in Westminster were unsurprised he kept his Cabinet role after EU sources said he recently used a meeting with Mr Barnier as a 'job interview' to try to impress Mr Johnson.
He reportedly repeatedly told Mr Barnier that the Withdrawal Agreement was dead in a series of angry exchanges which puzzled many in Brussels.
The 47-year-old worked in banking before entering parliament as the MP for North East Cambridgeshire in 2010 - a Conservative safe seat. He is married and has three children.
Rishio Sunak replaced Liz Truss as Chief Secretary to the Treasury
Rishi Sunak: Chief Secretary to the Treasury
Rishi Sunak, long seen as a rising Tory star, has joined the Cabinet as Chief Secretary to the Treasury - meaning he will be the driving force behind the looming Spending Review.
Mr Sunak, 39, the grandson of Indian immigrants, and his father was an NHS GP.
He went to Winchester public school before Oxford University, an MBA at Standford in the US, and then made his fortune by founding a hedge fund.
He is married to the Akshata, the daughter of Indian billionaire NR Narayana Murthy, making him one of the richest MPs in Parliament.
Mr Sunak was once labelled the 'Maharajah of the Yorkshire Dales' when he was selected as candidate for William Hague's old Commons seat of Richmond,
The Brexiteer Tory has held the safe seat, where he lives with his wife and two daughters, since 2015.
Amber Rudd managed to keep her DWP job
Amber Rudd: Work and Pensions Secretary
Amber Rudd managed to keep hold of her Cabinet job, and gain the Women and Equalities brief, after she softened her opposition to a No Deal Brexit.
As a leading Remainer who had previously been vocally against a disorderly split from Brussels, Ms Rudd performed a screeching U-turn during the Tory leadership campaign.
Her flip flop came after Boris Johnson had made clear that only people who supported No Deal as a Brexit option could serve in his administration.
Her decision to change her mind about No Deal prompted widespread criticism.
She also managed to keep her job despite having previously been a vocal critic of Mr Johnson.
During the 2016 EU referendum campaign, she said of the new Tory leader: 'He's the life and soul of the party but he's not the man you want driving you home at the end of the evening.'
She was the only prominent backer of Jeremy Hunt to keep a big job in the Cabinet when Mr Johnson shuffled his deck.
She has had an eventful 12 months as she was forced to resign as home secretary in April 2018 in the wake of the Windrush scandal.
But she was swiftly brought back by Theresa May to head up the Department for Work and Pensions just a matter of months later in November 2018.
Previously tipped as a Tory leader, her hopes of winning a contest within the current version of the Conservative Party were made almost impossible by her EU referendum vote and the fact she only has a majority of 346 in her Hastings and Rye constituency.
The 55-year-old has two children and was married to the writer A.A. Gill in the early 1990s while her brother, Roland Rudd, runs the People's Vote campaign.
Mrs Leadsom in Downing Street today
Andrea Leadsom: Business Secretary
A former leadership contender forced to apologise to Theresa May for suggesting being a parent made her a better leader than the childless ex-prime minister.
But she recovered to be made a minister and run again as a Brexiteer outsider in 2019 before dropping out early on.
The Leave supporter, a mother of three, resigned as leader of the House of Commons in May amid a backlash against Mrs May's Brexit plan.
Mrs Leadsom was hardly a household name when she first entered the fray to succeed David Cameron as leader of the Conservative Party.
But her plans to cross the threshold of Number 10 were thwarted when comments which appeared to suggest being a mother gave her an advantage as a potential prime minister over childless Theresa May saw the then-energy minister's ambitions evaporate.
In an interview she said: 'I feel that being a mum means you have a real stake in the future of our country, a tangible stake.'
Her departure from the leadership race in 2016 resulted in being appointed environment secretary.
It was during this post that she received further criticism following comments that it would be sensible not to employ a man to look after children in case they were a paedophile.
Mrs Leadsom entered Parliament in 2010 after a 25-year career in banking and finance - realising an ambition she first developed at the age of 13.
Educated at Tonbridge Girls Grammar School and Warwick University, she rose to become financial institutions director at Barclays and worked with then Bank of England governor Eddie George to avert a crisis after the 1995 Barings collapse.
She later spent a decade in fund management - her financial experience gaining her first a seat on the Treasury Select Committee and then a stint as economic secretary to the Treasury with responsibility for financial services.
After a spell as a councillor in South Oxfordshire from 2003-2007 - during which she fought an unsuccessful general election campaign in the safe Labour seat of Knowsley South - she became MP for South Northamptonshire.
Liz Truss is the new International Trade Secretary
Liz Truss: International Trade Secretary
The South West Norfolk MP, who is married with two children, was brought up in Yorkshire and studied philosophy, politics and economics at Merton College, Oxford, where she became president of the University Liberal Democrats.
She previously worked in the energy and telecommunications industry and is a qualified management accountant.
Known for her colourful outfits and love of social media, the 43-year-old entered Parliament in 2010 and backed the campaign for Britain to remain in the EU.
But she saw the way the wind was blowing and was an early supporter of Boris Johnson's leadership campaign.
The then chief secretary to the Treasury fell in behind him from the start, and was among those doing his batting when allegations about his private life surfaced mid-campaign.
But while she made no secret of the fact that she wanted to be chancellor, she has replaced Liam Fox at International Trade.
Ms Truss boasts an impressive CV - supplemented by her appointment as International Trade Secretary on Wednesday - defying her upbringing by left-leaning parents to hold posts as Education Minister, Secretary of State for the Environment and Justice Secretary in Conservative governments.
Away from politics, Ms Truss's flair for social media has seen her offer an insight into the woman behind the politician by updating her Instagram account with pictures of her relaxing at the beach, or behind the scenes at official events.
Infamously, the worlds of social media and politics combined in 2014, when her improbably enthusiastic speech about opening pork markets in Beijing went viral - pilloried on satirical programmes such as Have I Got News For You?
She was also pilloried for her 2014 Tory conference speech in which she said, with heavy gravitas: 'We import two thirds of our cheese. That is a disgrace.'
Theresa Villiers is back
Theresa Villiers: Environment Secretary
It is a return to the top table of politics for the divorced 51-year-old ex-barrister, who is descended from Edward II.
Ms Villiers was Northern Ireland Sectary in the coalition Government and later under David Cameron's Tory government before being sacked by Theresa May.
A lawyer, university lecturer and MEP before entering the Commons in 2005 the London-born and Bristol-educated MP for Chipping Barnet has not always seen eye-to eye with Mr Johnson over the environment.
She disagreed with his call for a new airport in the Thames Estuary and backs HS2 as a way to utilise spare capacity at UK regional airports.
She has shown her green credentials before. last year she sparked a hunt for a mystery litter bug who left their Crunchie chocolate bar wrapper in the House of Commons Chamber.
She attacked litterers who dump their rubbish - damaging the environment and harming people's quality of life.
And she warned that even the Palace of Westminster is not immune to the anti-social activity.
Ms Villiers pulled out a crumpled up Crunchie bar wrapper which she said had been discarded carelessly on the green benches of the House of Commons.
Brandishing the shiny wrapper, she said: 'However, I am afraid that it is not just young people who drop litter.
'To illustrate that, I produce this Crunchie wrapper, which I picked up this week after it had been dropped in the back row of the main Chamber of the House of Commons.'
'It is truly depressing that littering occurs even here, in this mother of Parliaments.'
Robert Jenrick is the first Cabinet minister born in the 1980s
Robert Jenrick: Housing Secretary
No Tory minister has had a faster rise up the Conservative ranks than Robert Jenrick.
He was only elected for the first time as Conservative MP for Newark in June 2014 after winning a by-election before then being made a junior Treasury minister in January 2018.
He served as Exchequer secretary for just shy of 18 months before getting the big promotion to the Cabinet yesterday.
The 37-year-old is believed to have sealed his bright political future, despite being a Remainer, after he penned an editorial during the Tory leadership campaign, along with fellow fast risers Rishi Sunak and Oliver Dowden, lavishing praise on Mr Johnson.
They declared the former foreign secretary a 'proven winner' and said he could 'inspire the country and revitalise our party'.
He takes over as Housing Secretary from James Brokenshire and he can expect plenty of scrutiny over his performance given the importance placed on building more homes by Mr Johnson.
He was a lawyer before entering parliament and faced accusations, which he rejected, of covering up a property portfolio worth millions of pounds when he first ran for his Newark seat.
At the time he was reported to own three homes - two in London and one country pile.
He is the first Cabinet minister to have been born in the 1980s. He is married with three children.
Esther McVey found fame as a GMTV presenter in the 1990s before turning to politics, and is one of the party's strongest media performers
Esther McVey, Housing Minister
Esther McVey found fame as a GMTV presenter in the 1990s before turning to politics, and is one of the party's strongest media performers.
The MP for Tatton – George Osborne's old seat – resigned in protest over Theresa May's Brexit deal in May.
McVey made a bid for the leadership – but finished in last place after the first ballot of MPs.
The 51-year-old, who attended Cabinet as employment minister under David Cameron, was the most high-profile Tory casualty of 2015 when she was ousted by Labour in Wirral West.
She lost her seat after the unions mounted a nasty campaign in her constituency, which was surrounded by a sea of red.
She returned to Parliament in June 2017 after taking George Osborne's seat in Tatton, and was made deputy chief whip in November the same year.
In January 2018, she made a remarkable comeback to the Cabinet table when she was appointed Work and Pensions Secretary.
In an interview with the Daily Mail late last year, Miss McVey revealed how she had been put into foster care as a baby after she was born to young parents.
She said: 'I believe most people in their life will fall upon tough times at some point. I want to give the message that anyone can succeed given the opportunity.
But she sent Mrs May's Cabinet into meltdown in November when she dramatically quit in fury at the PM's Brexit divorce deal.
She joined Dominic Raab in storming out in fury after the PM put her blueprint to her ministers in a stormy five-hour cabinet session.
In March she boosted talk of a leadership bid after going public with her MP lover Philip Davies.
The four-year relationship between her and the stubborn backbench MP for Shipley, 47, was already an open secret at Westminster.
But the Brexiteer lovers went public to confirm they are 'two individuals, but a couple' in a joint-interview with the Conservative Home website.
She later revealed that they were planning to marry after he proposed in April.
Nicky Morgan has made her Cabinet return as Culture Secretary
Nicky Morgan: Culture Secretary
Nicky Morgan was an ardent Remainer who had said she would not serve under Boris Johnson.
But she has seemingly undergone a conversion on both fronts in recent months with the new Culture Secretary now apparently in favour of the option of a No Deal Brexit and of working for the new PM.
It was during her two-year stint as education secretary under David Cameron between 2014 and 2016 that Mrs Morgan really made her mark on the political frontline as she spearheaded the government's programme of education reform.
But she was among those culled in the post-2016 EU referendum shake-up when Theresa May took charge of the country.
Mrs May sacked Mrs Morgan with the pair having a famously fractious relationship as illustrated by a bizarre row over leather trousers in December 2016.
Mrs Morgan had criticised Mrs May for wearing the £995 designer trousers, prompting her to be blocked from attending a meeting of moderate MPs with the new PM.
After making it into the Commons in 2010 at the second attempt, corporate lawyer Mrs Morgan was quickly earmarked by Mr Cameron as a potential star and was made a ministerial aide within months, a whip in 2012 and then a junior Treasury minister.
Married to architect Jonathan Morgan with whom she has a son, the 46-year-old was educated at Surbiton High School and St Hugh's College, Oxford.
While working as a lawyer specialising in mergers and acquisitions, she came within 2,000 votes of causing an upset in Loughborough at the 2005 general election and finished the job in 2010, taking the seat from Labour by a majority of 3,744.
She has served as the powerful chairman of the Treasury Select Committee since July 2017 but will now vacate the role.
Jacob Rees-Mogg's first ministerial role sees him attend Cabinet
Jacob Rees-Mogg: Commons Leader
Jacob Rees-Mogg has been rewarded for his loyalty to Boris Johnson and his hardline Brexit views by being appointed Leader of the House of Commons.
In an unusual move, Mr Rees-Mogg will attend Cabinet meetings despite not being a full member of the Cabinet and despite the fact it is his first ever ministerial role.
The fourth of five children, Mr Rees-Mogg was born to a wealthy family steeped in the Conservative Party - his late father William Rees-Mogg was a former editor of The Times and was created a life peer in 1988, while his mother Gillian Shakespeare Morris's father was a Tory local government politician.
His younger sister Annunziata was also involved in the Conservative party from a young age but went on to win a seat at the European Parliament representing the East Midlands for the Brexit Party in May.
Mr Rees-Mogg, a product of Eton and Trinity College, Oxford, started his working life in investment banking, first in London and later in Hong Kong before returning to Britain.
In 2007 he and some colleagues set up their own fund management firm, Somerset Capital Management.
He stepped down as chief executive of the company when he was elected as Member of Parliament for North East Somerset in 2010.
On the green benches of the Commons, Mr Rees-Mogg has given sketch writers and columnists plenty of material, with his mannerisms and style leading to the affectation 'The Honourable Member for the early 20th Century'.
While he also entered into the relatively modern foray of social media in his own style, his first tweet reading 'Tempora mutantur, et nos mutamur in illis', Latin for 'the times change and we change with them'.
When it came to the main issue of recent times, Mr Rees-Mogg - chairman of the pro-Brexit European Research Group of Tory MPs - proved a thorn in the side of former PM Theresa May.
He led a failed bid to get rid of Mrs May in December 2018 and was a strong critic of her Brexit policy.
With Mr Johnson's elevation to 10 Downing Street, Mr Rees-Mogg has got his wish of a 'true believer' driving the Brexit process.
The 50-year-old is married and has six children.
Geoffrey Cox remains as Attorney General
Geoffrey Cox: Attorney General
Relatively unknown in Westminster before becoming Attorney General in 2018, Geoffrey Cox became a key player in the government in the run up to the original March 29, 2019 Brexit deadline.
He announced himself on the national political scene with a barnstorming speech as the warm up act for Theresa May at Conservative Party conference in October 2018.
With his booming voice and soaring rhetoric he left many in the conference hall wondering why he wasn’t the prime minister.
His professional opinion would later have a major impact on Britain’s departure from the EU.
MPs wrestled with the government as they demanded Mr Cox’s Brexit legal advice be published with the Commons eventually victorious in the contest.
The publication of the legal advice in December 2018 torpedoed Mrs May’s hopes of getting her Brexit deal through parliament because in it Mr Cox said the UK could not unilaterally leave the Irish border backstop protocol if it was ever implemented.
He wrote: ‘In the absence of a right of termination, there is a legal risk that the United Kingdom might become subject to protracted and repeating rounds of negotiations.’
The 59-year-old QC has been chosen to stay in the role as the government’s top legal adviser by Boris Johnson.
He first became an MP in 2005 and has represented the seat of Torridge and West Devon ever since. Before his political career he was a barrister, having first been called to the Bar in 1982.
He is married and has three children.
James Cleverly will attend Cabinet as minister without portfolio
James Cleverly: Conservative Party Chairman
James Cleverly once said he wanted to 'snog' Theresa May as he played a light-hearted game on BBC Radio 5 Live - a desire the PM later complained he had not followed through on.
|The married father of two is known as a good communicator on TV and radio, and is not afraid to be combative on social media.
He makes a virtue of his lack of Cabinet experience, sand has said he would be proud to be the first BAME Prime Minister. His mother was from Sierra Leone and worked as a midwife in London.
But his run in the leadership campaign was short, dropping out before the voting started and swinging behind Boris Johnson.
Mr Cleverly was previously a Brexit minister who insisted that while a no-deal Brexit is 'not his preferred choice', he was 'ready to lead the country' through whatever happens.
He has been seen as a rising star since entering the Commons as part of David Cameron's surprise win in 2015, as MP for Braintree.
Prior to that the 49-year-old was leader of the Conservative group in the London Assembly - although he had a life before politics, serving briefly in the British Army before injury ended his career, and then working in the publishing industry.
Mr Cleverly was moved up the ranks to Tory Deputy Chairman at the beginning of last year, before getting on the ministerial ladder as the No2 at the Brexit department when Chris Heaton-Harris resigned this spring.
However, despite being loyal before her resignation was announced, Mr Cleverly later showed a ruthless streak by swiping that Mrs May was 'not a good fit' for the role of PM.
Mark Spencer is the new Chief Whip
Mark Spencer: Chief Whip
The Sherwood MP is something of an unknown quantity at Westminster but respected as a behind the scenes operator which will help him with his job of keeping order.
His brusk nature did break through during a debate in 2015 about benefits that is sure to be repeatedly raised by Labour
When a Labour MP raised the case of a man with learning difficulties who could not tell the time but had been sanctioned for being four minutes late for an interview, he replied: 'It is important that those who are seeking employment learn the discipline of timekeeping, which is an important part of securing and keeping a job.'
The same year he raised eyebrows when he suggested that Christian teachers opposed to gay marriage could be prosecuted for 'hate speech' under terrorism laws.
In a letter leaked to the Telegraph he said: 'Teachers will still be free to express their understanding of the term ''marriage'', and their moral opposition to its use in some situations without breaking the new laws.
'The EDOs (Extremism Disruption Orders), in this case, would apply to a situation where a teacher was specifically teaching that gay marriage is wrong.'
The unmarried 49-year-old is from a farming background in Nottinghamshire and went to agricultural college before joining the family business.
He spent five years as a local councillor before becoming MP for Sherwood in 2010.
He voted remain in 2016 but has swung behind the Government's plan to take the UK out of the EU.
Kwasi Kwarteng will attend Cabinet after being made Energy Minister
Kwasi Kwarteng: Energy Minister
Kwasi Kwarteng was tipped for high ministerial office even before he was first elected as a Conservative MP back in 2010 - but he has had to wait for his big break.
The 44-year-old son of Ghanian parents who moved to the UK in 1960s has followed an archetypal Tory path to the top of politics.
He attended Eton College before going to Cambridge University where he read classics and then onto Harvard University in the US on a prestigious Kennedy Scholarship.
After a number of attempts at getting elected to public office, Mr Kwarteng eventually succeeded in 2010 as he became the MP for Spelthorne.
He got his first taste of life in the government after the 2017 general election when he was made an aide to Philip Hammond - despite the two men having voted opposite ways at the Brexit referendum in 2016 with Mr Kwarteng having backed Leave.
He was made a Brexit minister in November 2018, a job which he has now left to take up his new role as Energy Minister.
He used to date fellow Cabinet minister Amber Rudd.
Before becoming an MP he worked in finance and he is a prolific author having written numerous books.
Mr Lewis arriving in Downing Street today with Priti Patel
Brandon Lewis: Security Minister
The 48-year-old father of two gets a ministerial job after overseeing the Tory election as Tory Party chairman.
A former policing, housing and immigration minister he was privately educated and became a barrister before becoming MP for Great Yarmouth in 2010.
As party chairman he introduced each of the 17 hustings that saw Mr Johnson and Jeremy Hunt face a grilling from the membership.
In July last year he was involved in a Commons controversy that saw Theresa May apologise to Jo Swinson, now the Lib Dem leader.
Ms Swinson, who had given birth to her son Gabriel two weeks ago, was on maternity leave so she missed the crucial parliamentary showdown.
Tory whips had agreed to 'pair' her with party chairman Mr Lewis - meaning he would also skip the vote so Ms Swinson would not be punished for having a baby.
But Mr Lewis flouted the agreement and took part in the knife-edge vote on the customs union.
And in September he dodged questions on whether he would quit over a major security breach in the party's conference app.
The glitch on CPC 2018 meant they could log in without a password using just members' email addresses and view contact details including mobile phone numbers of people such as Mr Johnson.
Trolls then changed the now Prime Minister's photo to a pornographic image and edited his title to say 'd**k head', according to reports.
Oliver 'Olive' Dowden at Cabinet this morning
Oliver Dowden: Cabinet Office Minister/Paymaster General
Mr Dowden was nicknamed 'Olive' when he worked for David Cameron.
The 40-year-old father of two was plucked from political obscurity and thrust into his first Government post last night.
He represents the Hurtsmere seat in Herfordshire, the area where he was born and raised.
He was state educated before winning a place at Cambridge to study law.
He worked for the Conservative Party and then in public relations before returning to become a special adviser and as Mr Cameron's deputy chief of staff.
He was elected in 2015 and voted Remain in 2016 before receiving a CBE in Mr Cameron's resignation honours.
In 2012 he made headlines when he admitted spending most of his time on 'crisis management' after finding out what is happening in politics by listening to the radio.
He revealed he was 'surprised' on a daily basis by the behaviour of people in government and used an interview in America to reveal he listened to Radio 4 each morning to 'hear what’s going on' before deciding what soundbites to feed to Britain’s ‘aggressive' media.
He said at the time: 'I’m surprised on a day-to-day basis. There is no accounting for the conduct of individuals.'
Britain's Northern Ireland Secretary Julian Smith attends a cabinet meeting at Downing Street, central London, Britain, 25 July, 2019
Julian Smith, Northern Ireland Secretary
Julian Smith, an MP for Skipton and Ripon since 2010, most recently held the role of parliamentary secretary to the treasury and chief whip.
In his previous role Mr Smith was tasked with trying - and failing - three times to help pass Theresa May's withdrawal agreement.
The married 47-year-old was educated at the University of Birmingham, and Balfron High School before going on to have a successful career as an entrepreneur after setting up Arq International, an executive recruiting firm, in 1999.
In Parliament, Smith served on the Scottish Affairs Committee briefly in 2010 and was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Minister of State for International Development Sir Alan Duncan MP between September 2010 and 2012.
He then became Parliamentary Private Secretary to Justine Greening MP, Secretary of State for International Development, between 2012 and May 2015, before he was appointed an Assistant Government Whip in David Cameron's Government.
After the 2016 EU referendum, Smith became one of six MPs who led Theresa May's leadership campaign, and after the campaign's success he was appointed Vice-Chamberlain of the Household - a senior position within the whips' office.
Smith attended the DUP annual conference in 2017 after the confidence-and-supply agreement between the Conservatives and the Democratic Unionists was brokered in 2017, and was welcomed as a 'friend' of the party.
He backed Remain in the 2016 Brexit referendum and served as chief whip under Theresa May between November 2017 and July 2019.
He became critical of Mrs May's government, claiming that they should have made it clear after the 2017 election that it would have to accept a closer relationship with the European Union following Brexit.
In a BBC documentary he also criticised ministers, accusing them of trying to undermine Mrs May, claiming their behaviour was the 'worst example of ill-discipline in cabinet in British political history'.
In October 2013 The Guardian had claimed that Smith may have breached national security by posting an image of himself alongside military personnel at a high-security US base on his website.
Smith says his interests include 'violin and piano' and was a junior international squash player.
Alister Jack was first elected as MP for Dumfries and Galloway in the 2017 election
Alister Jack, Scottish Secretary
Alister Jack was first elected as MP for Dumfries and Galloway in the 2017 election, having been born in Dumfries in 1963.
The newcomer grew up in Dalbeattie and Kippford, attending Perthshire independent boarding school Glenalmond College, then Heriot-Watt University before launching a business career, founding a series of self-storage companies which he went on to sell, reportedly for tens of millions.
Jack voted leave in the 2016 referendum, claiming Britain could see a bright future as an 'independent, free trading nation'.
He quickly ascended Conservative Party ranks, becoming an aide to the Leader of the House of Lords before becoming Lord Commissioner of the Treasury - a position within the whips office.
Jack, who is married with three adult children, did not reveal who he backed in the leadership contest, but he did vote for Theresa May's deal after raising concerns over the integrity of the United Kingdom.
In 2018 he was among 62 Conservative MPs who signed a letter that called for the UK to make a clean break from the European Union, calling for 'regulatory autonomy' after Brexit, insisting the country must be able to negotiate its own trade deals.
In 2017 he was at the centre of controversy when The Herald Scotland reported that he owned more than £70,000 worth of shares in Bermuda-incorporated Jardine Matheson Holdings.
The outlet's report referenced a 2016 Oxfam report that listed Bermida as 'the worst' of 15 corporate tax havens.
There was no suggestion the company had not paid taxes across the world.
A Scottish Conservatives spokesperson had said at the time: 'Quite rightly, there is no law banning politicians – or anyone else – from becoming involved in companies which happen to be registered in Bermuda.'
Britain's Secretary of State for Wales Alun Cairns leaves 10 Downing Street in London on July 24, 2019
Alun Cairns, Welsh Secretary
Alan Cairns, retained as Welsh Secretary in Boris Johnson's new Cabinet, was originally appointed to the position in March 2016, having been elected as MP for the Vale of Glamorgan in 2010.
Raised in Clydach near Swansea, fluent Welsh speaker and son of a British Steel welder father and shopkeeper mother, Cairns attended a comprehensive school before going on to worked as a Business Development Consultant with Lloyds Banking Group for more than ten years.
He was elected as a representative for South West Wales to the National Assembly in 1999, during which time he was finishing a Master of Business Administration at the University of Wales, Newport.
Cairns provoked controversy on June 13 2008 when, while on BBC Radio Cymru's radio show Dau o'r Bae, he was asked to apologise for offensive remarks about Italian people.
Contributors had been asked to say who they would support in the Euro 2008 tournament, with one revealed she had written a note saying 'nice food' next to the Italian flag on a list of participating teams, Cairns said: 'I've written greasy wops'.
He did apologised immediately, subsequently resigning from his position in David Cameron's Shadow Cabinet the next day.
But after a party investigation, he was re-appointed as Shadow Minister for Local Government on October 22, 2008.
Cairns supported Remain in the 2016 referendum, but claimed the European Union needed 'reforming', and that the UK had something of a 'special status' within the EU, praising then-Prime Minister David Cameron's efforts to keep Britain away from 'the Euro, open borders or the prospect of ever-closer union'.
Following the referendum result, he voiced an opposition to a 'soft' Brexit and championed Theresa May's Withdrawal Agreement.
Cairns lives with wife Emma and son Henri, and is an avid London Marathon runner.
Baroness Evans of Bowes Park is Lord Privy Seal, and Leader of the House of Lords
Baroness Evans, Leader of the House of Lords
Remain voter Natalie Evans, Baroness Evans of Bowes Park, was made Leader of the House of Lords in July 2016, and has retained the position in Boris Johnson's new regime.
She was educated at Henrietta Barnett School, a prestigious grammar school for girls, in Hampstead Garden, London, before going on to study social and political sciences at Cambridge University.
Baroness Evans, born in November 1975, was made a life Peer in September 2014 having previously served as Deputy Director of the Conservative Research Department.
In November 2010, while acting as Deputy Director at the centre-right Policy Exchange, she introduced then-Home Secretary Theresa May at a speech about immigration.
During her speech Mrs May, part of the Conservative-Lib Dem coalition government, said that immigration was 'one of the most important issues facing our country', adding that 'managed well, immigration is something that can bring great benefits', but claiming she was focused on reducing immigration to 'sustainable levels'.
Baroness Evans was appointed leader of the House of Lords by Theresa May in 2016.
Her husband, James Wild, was a special adviser to the Michael Fallon when he was Defence Secretary.
The Baroness's father was a surgeon and her mother a nurse. She revealed that her first job was at a checkout at Supermarket Tesco.
She was the hockey captain at school and, along with her husband James, is a season ticket holders at Norwich City.
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News Photo Boris Johnson lays down the law to Emmanuel Macron, Jean-Claude Juncker AND Angela Merkel on Brexit
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