THE expeditions of Ernest Shackleton, in which the limits of human endurance were pushed to their limit, have become the stuff of legend.
Who was the man generally regarded as an outsider who has become one of the greatest British explorers? Here’s what you need to know…
Who was Ernest Shackleton?
Ernest Henry Shackleton was born on 15 February 1874 in County Kildare, Ireland, where his father was a doctor.
The family moved to London where Shackleton was educated but he refused to follow in his father’s steps and instead he joined the merchant navy when he was 16.
He qualified as a master mariner in 1898 and travelled widely but was keen to explore the poles.
In 1901, Shackleton was chosen to go on the Antarctic expedition led by British naval officer Robert Falcon Scott, Britain’s other Antarctic hero, on the ship ‘Discovery’.
Shackleton and Scott trekked towards the South Pole, which had yet to be reached by humans, in extremely difficult conditions.
They got closer to the than anyone had come before but Shackleton became seriously ill and had to return home, though had gained valuable experience.
After returning home Shackleton also spent some time as a journalist and was elected secretary of the Scottish Royal Geographical Society.
In 1906, he even unsuccessfully stood for parliament in Dundee as the Liberal Unionist candidate but was keen to return to the South Pole.
When he did lead expeditions to the Antarctic?
Shackleton was able to persuade wealthy backers to fund his own expedition and in 1908, he returned to the Antarctic as the leader of his own expedition, on the ship ‘Nimrod’.
The expedition made many important scientific discoveries and set a record by coming even closer to the South Pole than before.
A group also climbed Mount Erebus, the Antarctic’s highest mountain.
The success of the expedition earned Shackleton knighthood on his return to Britain.
In the meantime, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen reached the South Pole in 1911, in a race with Scott, who died on the return journey.
Shackleton made his third trip to the Antarctic with the ship ‘Endurance’ in 1914, an expedition that has acquired epic status.
The plan was to cross Antarctica via the South Pole but in early in 1915, ‘Endurance’ became trapped in the ice, and ten months later sank.
The crew had already abandoned the ship to live on the floating ice before April 1916, they set off in three small boats, to Elephant Island.
From there six crew members including Shackleton and the captain of the ‘Endurance’ Frank Worsley planned to sail to South Georgia to get help.
They used a lifeboat named the ‘James Caird’ which they adapted for the 800 mile journey across the treacherous seas of the South Atlantic.
Success depended on Worsley’s navigation, based on sightings attempted during the very brief appearances of the sun, as the boat pitched and rolled in the mountainous waves.
Even a small error would have led to them missing South Georgia and certain death.
MOST READ IN NEWS
They managed to reach the island but were forced to abandon the boat and trek to the main town to get help.
Shackleton was able to secure help from the Chilean government help rescue the men left behind on Elephant Island and they were picked up on in August 1916.
After World War I was over, Shackleton organised another expedition, which aimed to circumnavigate the Antarctic continent.
But on 5 January 1922 he died of a heart attack off South Georgia and was buried on the island.
We pay for your stories! Do you have a story for The Sun Online news team? Email us at tips@the-sun.co.uk or call 0207 782 4368 . We pay for videos too. Click here to upload yours.’
Link
https://textbacklinkexchanges.com/who-was-ernest-shackleton-legendary-british-explorer-who-led-three-expeditions-to-the-antarctic/
News Pictures Who was Ernest Shackleton? Legendary British explorer who led three expeditions to the Antarctic
You don’t have to pack away your bikini just because you’re the wrong side of 20. These body-beautiful stars reveal their secrets to staying in shape and prove you can smoulder in a two-piece, whatever your age. Read on and be bikini inspired!
TEENS
Hayden Panettiere
Size: 8
Age: 18
Height: 5ft 1in
Weight: 8st
To achieve her kick-ass figure, Hayden – who plays cheerleader Claire Bennet in Heroes – follows the ‘quartering’ rule. She eats only a quarter of the food on her plate, then waits 20 minutes before deciding whether she needs to eat again.
Hayden says: “I don’t have a model’s body, but I’m not one of those crazy girls who thinks that they’re fat. I’m OK with what I have.”
Nicollette says: “I don’t like diets – I see it, I eat it! I believe in eating healthily with lots of protein, vegetables and carbs to give you energy.”
kim cattrall
Size: 10-12
Age: 52
Height: 5ft 8in
Weight: 9st 4lb
SATC star Kim swears by gym sessions with Russian kettle bells (traditional cast-iron weights) and the South Beach Diet to give her the body she wants. To avoid overeating, Kim has a radical diet trick – squirting lemon juice on her leftovers – so she won’t carry on picking.
Kim says: “I am no super-thin Hollywood actress. I am built for men who like women to look like women.”
https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/NINTCHDBPICT000460745544.jpg?strip=all&w=735
Комментариев нет:
Отправить комментарий